BIENVENIDOS A MI BLOG

Soy Tomislav Zovko Ingeniero Industrial actualmente cursando la Maestría de Gerencia de Proyectos Industriales que dicta la Universidad Rafael Belloso Chacin.


Trabajo en una empresa privada llamada Zaramella & Pavan Construction Company S.A, que se desempeña actualmente en la rama de construcciones petrolera, Soy Supervisor de Obras civiles dentro de la misma.


Tengo mucho interés en reforzar mi carrera profesional lo cual fue el objetivo primordial que me hizo decidirme a comezar mi Maestría.

Espero que la decdicacion, el trabajo y el esfuerzo que estoy haciendo me de buenos frutos en el día a día y me sirva para conocer nuevas personas como las que estoy conociendo en el mismo para que nos demos todos apoyo juntos como compañeros y logremos ser buenos amigos.

UNIDAD I.- USO DEL DICCIONARIO

Aprenderemos un poco como darle el uso apropiado a el Diccionario, donde podemos conseguir el significado que mejor se adapte al contexto que deseamos desarrollar, también se indicarán las abreviaciones y categorías lexicales como: sustantivos, adjetivos, prefijos, preposiciones entre otro.

MANAGEMENT

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of  accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.

Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to  'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others.

 Nature of managerial work

In for-profit work, management has as its primary function the satisfaction of a range of stakeholders. This typically involves making a profit (for the shareholders), creating valued products at a reasonable cost (for  customers), and providing rewarding employment opportunities (for employees).

In nonprofit management, add the importance of keeping the faith of donors. In most models of management go vernance, shareholders vote for the board of directors, and the board then hires senior management. Some organizations have experimented with other methods (such as employee-voting models) of selecting or reviewing managers; but this occurs only very rarely.

In the public sector of countries constituted as representative democracies, voters elect politicians to public office. Such politicians hire many managers and administrators, and in some countries like the United States political appointees lose their jobs on the election of a new president/governor/mayor.

    Actividad 1:

 -Señalas las abreviaciones

• accomplish: vt [archive] conseguir, alcanzar
• deployment: n despliegue
• employment: n empleo; to be in ~ tener trabajo

-Señala las categorias lexicales

• Palabras de contenido: business, organizational 

•  Sustantivos:  election, management. 

•  Verbos:  has, is.

•  Adverbio:  efficiently, typically

•  Adjetivo:   senior,

•  Artículo:  the, a. 

•  Preposiciones:  in, of, to, for. 

•  Conjunción: and, or, but. 

•  Cognados verdaderos:  satisfaction, production.

•  Cognados Falsos: involves, senior.

•  Sufijo:   reasonable, employment. 

•  Prefijos:  pre-requisite, nonprofit. 

LA IDEA PRINCIPAL

La Gerencia en todas las actividades comerciales y de una organización debe reunir a las personas para lograr las metas y objetivos deseados con los recursos disponibles de manera eficiente y eficaz. Gerencia comprende la planificación, organización, dotación de personal, al principio o al dirigir y controlar una organización o el esfuerzo con el fin de lograr una meta.

UNIDAD II.- ESTRUCTURA DE LA ORACION

MANAGEMENT

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of  accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.

Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to  'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others.

Ejercicio:
Selecciona tres oraciones e indica:

• Frase nominal, pre y post modificadores y  núcleo
•  Frase verbal, núcleo

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively.

• Frase Nominal
• Nucleo F.N
• Frase Verbal
• Nucleo F.V

Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system

• Frase Nominal
• Nucleo F.N
• Frase Verbal
• Nucleo F.V
• Pre Modificador

UNIDAD III.- APROXIMACION AL TEXTO

SKIMMING

North American market

2012 Honda Civic sedan concept

On December 13, 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as "energetic, sleek and aerodynamic." Both coupe and sedan concepts were shown on January 10, 2011 at the 2011 North American International Auto Show. The production version of the ninth-generation Civic based on the revealed concept will go on sale in spring 2011. Gasoline, hybrid and natural gas variants will be offered. The gasoline-engined lineup includes a sedan, coupe and two Si performance versions.

Honda's Eco Assist technology will be added to most models, and will become the first gasoline-only powered Honda to employ such technology in North America. It is an information system to help the driver adopt a more fuel-efficient driving style, and is proven to improve fuel economy by about 10% for Honda's hybrid vehicle in Japan.

Actividad:
 1- De acuerdo al titulo y la imagen, ¿cual cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer

Según la imagen voy a leer acerca de la nueva generación del  HONDA CIVIC, el cual fue exhibido el 10 de enero del 2011 en el auto show internacional en norte america.

 2- ¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?

LA idea general es informar que para la primavera del 2011 saldrá el sustituto de la octava generación del HONDA CIVIC, que se ofrecerá en varias versiones a gasolina, hibrido y gas natural, los nuevos HONDA CIVIC se manejaran en dos versiones del mejor rendimiento como son las versiones SI

SCANNING

PABLO EMILIO ESCOBAR GAVIRIA

Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (December 1, 1949 – December 2, 1993) was a Colombian drug lord. Often referred to as the "World's Greatest Outlaw", he was perhaps the most elusive cocaine trafficker ever to have lived. He is regarded as the richest and most successful criminal in world history. Some other sources state that he was the second richest criminal ever, after Amado Carrillo Fuentes. In 1989, Forbes magazine declared Escobar as the seventh richest man in the world, with an estimated personal fortune of US$25 billion. He owned innumerable luxury residences and automobiles and, in 1986, he attempted to enter Colombian politics, even offering to pay off the nation's US$ 10 billion national debt. It is said that Escobar once burned US$ 2 million in cash just to keep warm while on the run.

The war against Escobar ended on December 2, 1993, amid another attempt to elude the Search Bloc. Using radio triangulation technology provided as part of the United States efforts, a Colombian electronic surveillance team, led by Brigadier Hugo Martinez, found him hiding in a middle-class barrio in Medellín. With authorities closing in, a firefight with Escobar and his bodyguard.

Actividad:

Cuando nacio Pablo Escobar?

Pablo Escobar nacio el 1 de diciembre de 1949

Quien fue Pablo Escobar?

Fue líder del cartel de Medellín, el jefe máximo de la mafia colombiana y el mayor narcotraficante conocido. Apodado el Zar de la cocaína. Era un criminal que para su entonces se decia que tenia una fortuna aproximada de 25 billones de dollares americanos.

Cuando murio Pablo Escobar?


Pablo Escobar murio el 2 de diciembre de 1993


Como fue descubierto y asecinado Pablo Escobar?


Fue descubierto por la tecnologia de radio triangulación proporcionada por USA con ayuda del Brigadier Hugo Martinez. Se encontraba escondido en los barrios de Medellin donde murio en un tirroteo con las autoridades de Medellin.

TALLER DE LA UNIDAD 1 Y 2

A. Categorías léxicas y uso del diccionario.

VTEC (Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control)

Is a valvetrain system developed by Honda to improve the volumetric efficiency of a four-stroke internal combustion engine. This system uses two camshaft profiles and electronically selects between the profiles. It was invented by Honda R&D engineer Ikuo Kajitani, and was the first system of its kind. Different types of variable valve timing and lift control systems have also been produced by other manufacturers (MIVEC from Mitsubishi, AVCS from Subaru, VVTL-i from Toyota, VarioCam Plus from Porsche, VVC from Rover Group, VVEL from Nissan, etc.).

VTEC was initially designed to increase the power output of an engine to 100 PS/liter or more while maintaining practicality for use in mass production vehicles. Some later variations of the system were designed solely to provide improvements in fuel efficiency, or increased power output. In practice, a fully variable valve timing engine is difficult to design and implement.

Additionally, Japan has a tax on engine displacement, requiring Japanese auto manufacturers to make higher-performing engines with lower displacement. In cars such as the Toyota Supra and Nissan 300ZX, this was accomplished with a turbocharger. In the case of the Mazda RX-7 and RX-8, a rotary engine was used. VTEC serves as yet another method to derive very high specific output (power/unit displacement) from smaller-displacement engines.

The VTEC system is a simple method of endowing the engine with multiple camshaft profiles optimized for low and high RPM operations. Instead of one cam lobe actuating each valve, there are two: one optimized for low-RPM stability & fuel efficiency; the other designed to maximize high-RPM power output. Switching between the two cam lobes is controlled by the ECU which takes account of engine oil pressure, engine temperature, vehicle speed, engine speed and throttle position. Using these inputs, the ECU is programmed to switch from the low lift to the high lift cam lobes when the conditions mean that engine output will be improved. At the switch point a solenoid is actuated which allows oil pressure from a spool valve to operate a locking pin which binds the high RPM cam follower to the low RPM ones. From this point on, the poppet valve opens and closes according to the high-lift profile, which opens the valve further and for a longer time. The switch-over point is variable, between a minimum and maximum point, and is determined by engine load. The switch back from high to low RPM cams is set to occur at a lower engine speed than the up-switch (hysteresis) to avoid a situation in which the engine is asked to operate continuously at or around the switch-over point.

IDEA PRINCIPAL DEL TEXTO

Se esta hablan de VTEC el cual es no mas que un sistema de distribución desarrollado por Honda para mejorar el rendimiento volumétrico de un motor de combustión interna de cuatro tiempos. Este sistema utiliza dos perfiles del árbol de levas y selecciona electrónicamente entre los perfiles. Fue el primer sistema de este tipo.

Abreviaciones:

timing [ˈtaɪmɪŋ] noun : the time when something happens

improvement [ɪmˈpruːvmənt] noun : a change for the better; progress in development

• Palabras de contenido: valvetrain, camshaft
• Palabra de funcion: of, in, and, by
• Verbos: was, is.
• Adverbio: practicality, Additionally
• Articulo: the power,
• Preposiciones:
• Conjunción: and, or
• Cognados verdaderos:displacement, combustion
• Cognados falsos: maintaining, actuated
• Sufijos: practicality, Additionally
• Prefijos:output, inputs

B. Estructura de la oración:

The VTEC system is a simple method of endowing the engine with multiple camshaft profiles optimized for low and high RPM operations.

Frase nominal

1. Nucleo de la frase nominal: The VTEC system
2. Pre modificadores:The VTEC
3. Post modificadores: of endowing the engine with multiple camshaft profiles optimized for low and high RPM operations.

Frase verbal

1. Nucleo de la frase verbal: is a simple method
2. Tiempo verbal: simple present

The switch-over point is variable, between a minimum and maximum point, and is determined by engine load

Frase nominal

1. Nucleo de la frase nominal: The switch-over point
2. Pre modificadores:The switch-over
3. Post modificadores: between a minimum and maximum point, and is determined by engine load

Frase verbal

1. Nucleo de la frase verbal: is variable,
2. Tiempo verbal: simple present

TALLER DE LA UNIDAD 3 Y 4

UNIDAD III Y IV

ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS)

An anti-lock braking system (ABS, from German: Antiblockiersystem) is a safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to continue interacting tractively with the road surface as directed by driver steering inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up (that is, ceasing rotation) and therefore avoiding skidding.

An ABS generally offers improved vehicle control and decreases stopping distances on dry and slippery surfaces for many drivers; however, on loose surfaces like gravel or snow-covered pavement, an ABS can significantly increase braking distance, although still improving vehicle control.

Since initial widespread use in production cars, anti-lock braking systems have evolved considerably. Recent versions not only prevent wheel lock under braking, but also electronically control the front-to-rear brake bias. This function, depending on its specific capabilities and implementation, is known as electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD), traction control system, emergency brake assist, or electronic stability control

¿Cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?

El topico es la tecnoligia de anti-lock brake system (ABS) utilizada en los vehiculos.

¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?

El texto habla acerca de que es un sistema de seguridad que utilizan los vehiculo para que las ruedas no se bloqueen en momento de situcaciones inesperadas en la carretera haciendo que las ruedas interactuen entre si para evitar derapamientos.

¿Que palabras se repiten?

surfaces

¿Que palabras se parecen al español?

continue, directed, generally, pavement.

¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?

¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo

El ABS ofrece un mejor control del vehiculo sirve para disminuir los tiempos de frenados en superficies secas y resbaladizas.

En la actualidad esta ya se utiliza el distribucion electronica de frenada EDB, sistema de control de tracción, freno de emergencia o el control electrónico de estabilidad.

MARKETING

Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business developments. It  is  an integrated process through which companies build strong customer relationships and create value for their customers and for themselves.

The marketing orientation  is  perhaps the most common orientation used in contemporary marketing. It involves a firm essentially basing its marketing plans around the marketing concept, and thus supplying products to suit new consumer tastes. As an example, a firm would employ market research to gauge consumer desires, use R&D to develop a product attuned to the revealed information, and then utilize promotion techniques to ensure persons know the product exists.

Marketing is used to identify the customer, satisfy the customer, and keep the customer. With the customer as the focus of its activities, it can be concluded that marketing management is one of the major components of business management. Marketing evolved to meet the stasis in developing new markets caused by mature markets and overcapacities in the last 2-3 centuries. The adoption of marketing strategies requires businesses to shift their focus from production to the perceived needs and wants of their customers as the means of staying profitable. 

A. Seleccione un texto relacionado con su área de experticia. Lea el texto y extraiga:

Las definiciones:

Marketing es una función de organización y un conjunto de procesos de creación, comunicación y entrega de valor a los clientes y para la gestión de relaciones con el cliente de forma que beneficien a la organización y sus grupos de interés. Por medio de la cual se realizan estudios de mercados para el lanzamiento de nuevos productos midiendo las necesitades de los clientes, l aceptacion y satisfaccion hacia los mismos.

Marcadores de definición: is an organizational, is  an integrated, is  perhaps, As an example, is used, is one

BIRTH OF MARKETING

In pre-modern economies, the predominance of small enterprises militated against the recognition of marketing as a separate field of expertise. Changes in the patterns and intensity of economic activity, as well as the rise of economics as a science, particularly in the 19th century, paved the way for studies of marketing. The growth in size and scope of national and international economies in the course of the Industrial revolution led eventually to a transcendence of ad hoc retailing and advertising innovations and eventually to systematization. Marketing emerged as a separate technical field only in the late 19th century. The OED traces the abstract usage of the word only as far back as 1884.

Marcadores de Tiempo: the late, back,

UNIDAD IV.- PATRONES DE ORGANIZACION DE UN PARRAFO

Fuel injection

Fuel injection is a system for mixing fuel with air in an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s.

A fuel injection system is designed and calibrated specifically for the type(s) of fuel it will handle. Most fuel injection systems are for gasoline or diesel applications. With the advent of electronic fuel injection (EFI), the diesel and gasoline hardware has become similar. EFI's programmable firmware has permitted common hardware to be used with different fuels.

Carburetors were the predominant method used to meter fuel on gasoline engines before the widespread use of fuel injection. A variety of injection systems have existed since the earliest usage of the internal combustion engine.

The primary difference between carburetors and fuel injection is that fuel injection atomizes the fuel by forcibly pumping it through a small nozzle under high pressure, while a carburetor relies on low pressure created by intake air rushing through it to add the fuel to the airstream.

The fuel injector is only a nozzle and a valve: the power to inject the fuel comes from a pump or a pressure container farther back in the fuel supply.

The first commercial electronic fuel injection (EFI) system was Electrojector, developed by the Bendix Corporation and was to be offered by American Motors (AMC) in 1957. A special muscle car model, the Rambler Rebel, showcased AMC's new 327 cu in (5.4 L) engine. The Electrojector was an option and rated at 288 bhp (214.8 kW). With no Venturi effect or heated carburetor (to help vaporize the gasoline) AMC's EFI equipped engine breathed easier with denser cold air to pack more power sooner, reaching peak torque at 500 rpm lower than the equivalent no-fuel injection engine. The Rebel Owners Manual described the design and operation of the new system. Initial press information about the Bendix system in December 1956 was followed in March 1957 by a price bulletin that pegged the option at US$395, but due to supplier difficulties, fuel-injected Rebels would only be available after June 15. This was to have been the first production EFI engine, but Electrojector's teething problems meant only pre-production cars were so equipped: thus, very few cars so equipped were ever sold and none were made available to the public. The EFI system in the Rambler was a far more-advanced setup than the mechanical types then appearing on the market and the engines ran fine in warm weather, but suffered hard starting in cooler temperatures.

Marcadores de Definición: is a system, is designed,

Marcadores de Tiempo: in 1957, in December 1956, in March 1957,after.

En el texto se habla sobre el systema full injección el cual en las decadas de los 80s comenzo a sustituir los motores de conbustión por carburador. En nuestros tiempos es el principal sistama de suministro de combustible de motores de combustión interna. El mismo es llamado EFI electronic full injection ya que los injectores trabajan por impulsos emitidos por una computadora electronica que se encarga de regular la mezcla se combustible y aire para que produzca la energia.